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l6221as l6221ad l6221n june 2003 quad darlington switch ? . four non inverting inputs with enable . output voltage up to 50 v . output current up to 1.8 a . very low saturation voltage . ttl compatible inputs . integral fast recirculation diodes description the l6221 monolithic quad darlington switch is de- signed for high current, high voltage switching appli- cations. each of the four switches is controlled by a logic input and all four are controlled by a common enable input. all inputs are ttl-compatible for direct connection to logic circuits. each switch consists of an open-collector darlington transistor plus a fast diode for switching applications with inductive device loads. the emitters of the four switches are commoned. any number of inputs and outputs of the same device may be paralleled. multiwatt 15 powerdip 12 + 2 + 2 so16+2+2 ordering numbers: l6221as (powerdip) l6221n (multiwatt15) l6221ad (so16+2+2) block diagram 1/15
pin connections (top views) l6221as (powerdip) l6221n (multiwatt-15) out4 clampb n.c. out3 gnd out2 gnd n.c. clampa in2 n.c. v s gnd gnd enable n.c. in3 in4 1 3 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 18 17 16 15 14 12 13 11 19 10 20 out1 in1 d95in231 l6221ad (so16+2+2) thermal data symbol parameter so20 powerdip multiwatt15 unit r th j-pins r th j-case r th j-amb thermal resistance junction-pins max. thermal resistance junction-case max. thermal resistance junction-ambient max. 17 C 80 14 C 80 C 3 35 c/w c/w c/w l6221as - l6221ad - l6221n 2/15
pin functions (see block diagram) name function in 1 input to driver 1 in 2 input to driver 2 out 1 output of driver 1 out 2 output of driver 2 clamp a diode clamp to driver 1 and driver 2 in 3 input to driver 3 in 4 input to driver 4 out 3 output of driver 3 out 4 output of driver 4 clamp b diode clamp to driver 3 and driver 4 enable enable input to all drivers v s logic supply voltage gnd common ground for each input : h = high level l = low level truth table enable input power out h h l h l x on off off absolute maximum ratings symbol parameter value unit v o output voltage 50 v v s logic supply voltage 7 v v in , v en input voltage, enable voltage v s i c continuous collector current (for each channel) 1.8 a i c collector peak current (repetitive, duty cycle = 10 % t on = 5 ms) 2.5 a i c collector peak current (non repetitive, t = 10 m s) 3.2 a t op operating temperature range (junction) C 40 to + 150 c t stg storage temperature range C 55 to + 150 c i sub output substrate current 350 ma p tot total power dissipation at t pins = 90 c (powerdip) at t case = 90 c (multiwatt) at t case = 90 c (so20) at t amb = 70 c (powerdip) at t amb = 70 c (multiwatt) at t amb = 70 c (so20) 4.3 20 3.5 1 2.3 1 w w w w w w l6221as - l6221ad - l6221n 3/15
electrical characteristics refer to the test circuit to fig. 1 to fig. 9 (v s = 5v, t amb = 25 o c unless otherwise specified) symbol parameter test conditions min . typ . max . unit v s logic supply voltage 4.5 5.5 v i s logic supply current all outputs on, i c = 0.7a all outputs off 20 20 ma ma v ce(sus) output sustaining voltage v in = v in l, v en = v en h i c = 100 ma 46 v i cex output leakage current v ce = 50v v in = v in l, v en = v en h 1ma v ce(sat) collector emitter saturation voltage (one input on ; all others inputs off.) v s = 4.5v v in = v in h, v en = v en h i c = 0.6a i c = 1a i c = 1.8a 1 1.2 1.6 v v in l, v en l input low voltage 0.8 v i in l, i en l input low current v in = v in l, v en = v en lC 100 m a v in l, v en h input high voltage 2.0 v i in h , i en h input high current v in = v in h, v en = v en h 10 m a i r clamp diode leakage current v r = 50 v, v en = v en h v in = v in l 100 m a v f clamp diode forward voltage i f = 1a i f = 1.8a 1.6 2.0 v v t d (on) turn on delay time v p = 5v, r l = 10 w 2 m s t d (off) turn off delay time v p = 5v, r l = 10 w 5 m s d i s logic supply current variation v in = 5v, v en = 5v i out = C 300 ma for each channel 120 m a l6221as - l6221ad - l6221n 4/15
test circuits (x) = referred to multiwatt package x = referred to powerdip package figure 1 : logic supply current. s et v in = 4.5v, v en = 0.8v, or v in = 0.8v, v en = 4.5v, for i s (all outputs off) s et v in = 2v, v en = 2v, for i s (all outputs on) figure 2 : output sustaining voltage. figure 3 : output leakage current . l6221as - l6221ad - l6221n 5/15
figure 4 : collector-emitter saturation voltage figure 5 : logic input characteristics s et s 1 , s 2 open, v in , v en = 0.8v for i in l, i en l s et s 1 , s 2 open, v in , v en = 2v for i in h, i en h s et s 1 , s 2 close, v in , v en = 0.8v for v in l, v en l s et s 1 , s 2 close, v in , v en = 2v for v in h, v en h figure 6 : clamp diode leakage current . figure 7 : clamp diode forward voltage. l6221as - l6221ad - l6221n 6/15
figure 8 : switching times test circuit . figure 9 : switching times waveforms . figure 10 : allowed peak collector current ver- sus duty cycle for 1, 2, 3 or 4 con- temporary working outputs (l6221as) figure 11 : allowed peak collector current ver- sus duty cycle for 1, 2, 3 or 4 con- temporary working outputs (l6221n) l6221as - l6221ad - l6221n 7/15
figure 14 : collector saturation voltage versus junction temperature at ic = 1a figure 15 : free-wheeling diode forward voltage versus junction temperature at if = 1a figure 16 : saturation voltage vs. junc- figure 17 : free-wheeling diode forward figure 12 : collector saturation voltage versus collector current figure 13 : free-wheeling diode forward voltage versus diode current l6221as - l6221ad - l6221n 8/15
figure 19 : driver for solenoids up to 3a . some care must be taken to ensure that the collec- tors are placed close together to avoid different cur- rent partitioning at turn-off. we suggest to put in parallel channel 1 and 4 and channel 2 and 3 as shown in figure 19 for the similar electrical characteristics of the logic section (turn-on and turn-off delay time) and the power stages (col- lector saturation voltage, free-wheeling diode for- ward voltage). application information when inductive loads are driven by l6221a/n, a zener diode in series with the integral free-wheeling diodes increases the voltage across which energy stored in the load is discharged and therefore speeds the current decay (fig. 18). for reliability it is suggested that the zener is chosen so that v p + v z < 35 v. the reasons for this are two fold : 1) the zener voltage changes in temperature and current. 2) the instantaneous power must be limited to avoid the reverse second breakdown. figure 18. l6221as - l6221ad - l6221n 9/15
figure 22 : peak collector current versus duty cycle for 1 or 2 paralleled outputs driven (l6221n) figure 21 : peak collector current versus duty cycle for 1 or 2 paralleled outputs driven (l6221as) figure 20 : saturation voltage versus collector current l6221as - l6221ad - l6221n 10/15
figure 25 : maximum dissipable power and junc- tion to ambient thermal resistance versus side " a " figure 26 : maximum allowable power dissipa- tion versus ambient temperature figure 24 : external heatsink mounting example figure 23 : example of p.c. board copper area which is used as heatsink mounting instruction the r th j-amb of the l6221as can be reduced by sol- dering the gnd pins to a suitable copper area of the printed circuit board (fig. 23) or to an external heatsink (fig. 24). the diagram of figure 25 shows the maximum dis- sipable power p tot and the r th j-amb as a function of the side " a " of two equal square copper areas hav- ing a thickness of 35 m (1.4 mils). during soldering the pins temperature must not exceed 260 c and the soldering time must not be longer than 12 sec- onds. the external heatsink or printed circuit copper area must be connected to electrical ground. l6221as - l6221ad - l6221n 11/15
dim. mm inch min. typ. max. min. typ. max. a1 0.51 0.020 b 0.85 1.40 0.033 0.055 b 0.50 0.020 b1 0.38 0.50 0.015 0.020 d 20.0 0.787 e 8.80 0.346 e 2.54 0.100 e3 17.78 0.700 f 7.10 0.280 i 5.10 0.201 l 3.30 0.130 z 1.27 0.050 powerdip 16 outline and mechanical data l6221as - l6221ad - l6221n 12/15
multiwatt15 v dim. mm inch min. typ. max. min. typ. max. a 5 0.197 b 2.65 0.104 c 1.6 0.063 d 1 0.039 e 0.49 0.55 0.019 0.022 f 0.66 0.75 0.026 0.030 g 1.02 1.27 1.52 0.040 0.050 0.060 g1 17.53 17.78 18.03 0.690 0.700 0.710 h1 19.6 0.772 h2 20.2 0.795 l 21.9 22.2 22.5 0.862 0.874 0.886 l1 21.7 22.1 22.5 0.854 0.870 0.886 l2 17.65 18.1 0.695 0.713 l3 17.25 17.5 17.75 0.679 0.689 0.699 l4 10.3 10.7 10.9 0.406 0.421 0.429 l7 2.65 2.9 0.104 0.114 m 4.25 4.55 4.85 0.167 0.179 0.191 m1 4.63 5.08 5.53 0.182 0.200 0.218 s 1.9 2.6 0.075 0.102 s1 1.9 2.6 0.075 0.102 dia1 3.65 3.85 0.144 0.152 outline and mechanical data l6221as - l6221ad - l6221n 13/15
11 0 11 20 a e b d e l k h a1 c so20mec h x 45? so20 dim. mm inch min. typ. max. min. typ. max. a 2.35 2.65 0.093 0.104 a1 0.1 0.3 0.004 0.012 b 0.33 0.51 0.013 0.020 c 0.23 0.32 0.009 0.013 d 12.6 13 0.496 0.512 e 7.4 7.6 0.291 0.299 e 1.27 0.050 h 10 10.65 0.394 0.419 h 0.25 0.75 0.010 0.030 l 0.4 1.27 0.016 0.050 k 0? (min.)8? (max.) outline and mechanical data l6221as - l6221ad - l6221n 14/15
information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, stmicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the co nse- quences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from i ts use. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of stmicroelectronics. specification mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. this publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. stmi- croelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express wr itten approval of stmicroelectronics. the st logo is a registered trademark of stmicroelectronics ? 2003 stmicroelectronics C printed in italy C all rights reserved stmicroelectronics group of companies australia - brazil - canada - china - finland - france - germany - hong kong - india - israel - italy - japan - malaysia - malt a - morocco - singapore - spain - sweden - switzerland - united kingdom - united states. http://www.st.com l6221as - l6221ad - l6221n 15/15

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